Severe cases of COVID-19, leading to organ damage and fatalities, may be driven by disruptions in mitochondrial function, according to a study by researchers including those from the University of Pittsburgh.

Mitochondria, the “energy-producing factories” of cells, play a crucial role in maintaining cellular health. The study found that mitochondrial damage or stress can activate immune responses, contributing to excessive inflammation, commonly known as a ‘cytokine storm.’

This immune reaction also impacts the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), a hormone network critical for blood pressure regulation. Overactivation of RAAS can initiate processes that result in organ damage, further worsening patient outcomes.

The findings highlight the importance of targeting mitochondrial health and RAAS pathways to mitigate severe complications in COVID-19 patients.