Planned C-Section Deliveries May Raise Risk of Childhood Leukaemia: Study

Children born through planned caesarean section (C-section) may face a higher risk of developing leukaemia later in life compared to those delivered via emergency C-section, a new study has revealed.

The research, conducted by scientists at Karolinska Institutet, highlights a potential link between mode of delivery and long-term health outcomes, particularly in the development of leukaemia, a type of blood cancer.

A C-section delivery involves surgically delivering a baby through incisions in the mother’s abdomen and uterus. While sometimes medically necessary, C-sections can either be scheduled in advance or performed as an emergency during labour due to complications.

According to the researchers, the difference in health impact may stem from the baby’s exposure to beneficial vaginal bacteria during emergency C-sections, which often begin as vaginal deliveries. This microbial exposure is largely absent in planned C-sections, possibly affecting the newborn’s immune system development.

“Our findings suggest that children born via planned C-section might face an increased risk of certain immune-related diseases, including leukaemia, compared to those born through emergency procedures,” the study authors noted.

The study adds to growing evidence that early microbial exposure plays a critical role in shaping a child’s immune system and long-term health, underscoring the importance of careful consideration in planning elective C-sections.

Experts stress that while the increased risk is statistically significant, it remains relatively small, and delivery decisions should continue to be based on medical necessity and maternal-fetal health.